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目的探讨机动车驾驶适应性指标与铁路路外伤亡事件的关系,保证铁路运输安全。方法在昆明铁路局某机务段全体机车乘务员1 813人(男性)中,以2007年发生路外伤亡事件的168名机车乘务员为研究组,其余为对照组,对研究组及对照组进行速度估计、复杂反应误判断次数、夜视力、动视力、深视力5项驾驶适应性指标测试,分析这5项指标与路外伤亡事件的关系。结果路外伤亡事故机车乘务员动视力指标与未发生路外伤亡的乘务员差异有统计学意义,动视力指标对筛选发生路外伤亡事件机车乘务员意义最大,复杂反应判断力的意义居第二。通过动视力单个指标对路外伤亡事故乘务员的筛选效果不理想,通过动视力与复杂反应判断指标进行联合筛选路外伤亡事件乘务员的敏感性较高,但是准确率较低。结论动视力、复杂反应判断指标与路外伤亡事故发生之间存在相关关系,可以通过定期检测这两个指标在一定程度上预防路外伤亡事件的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between the adaptability of motor vehicle driving indicators and the injuries and deaths outside the railway and to ensure the safety of railway transportation. Methods A total of 1 813 flight attendants (men) from a locomotive depot in Kunming Railway Bureau took 168 locomotive flight attendants in 2007 as the study group and the rest as control group, and evaluated the speed of the study group and the control group , Misjudgment of complex reactions, night vision, visual acuity, deep visual acuity five driving fitness index test, analysis of these five indicators and the relationship between road fatalities. Results There was a significant difference between the visual acuity index of locomotive crew on the roadside casualty and that of crew on the road without casualties. The visual acuity index had the greatest significance for screening locomotive crew on the roadside casualty, and the second was the significance of complex reaction judgment. The screening result of flight attendant on the roadside casualties by the single index of dynamic visual acuity is not satisfactory. The combination of dynamic visual acuity and complex reaction judging indicators to jointly screen crew members of roadside casualties is more sensitive, but the accuracy is lower. Conclusions There is a correlation between the indexes of visual acuity and complex reaction judgments and the occurrence of extra-territorial casualties. The occurrence of extra-terrestrial casualties can be prevented to a certain extent through the regular detection of these two indexes.