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目的分析天津市滨海新区托幼机构手足口病聚集疫情流行特征,为托幼机构手足口病聚集疫情防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集2014年5月至2015年4月天津市滨海新区托幼机构手足口病聚集疫情相关信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014年5月至2015年4月滨海新区共发生手足口病聚集疫情37起,发病人数147例,班级平均罹患率为14.89%(147/987)。疫情以主动搜索发现报告方式为主(94.59%,35/37)。发病高峰为5、6、9月,病例以4~5岁儿童为主102例(69.39%)。聚集疫情主要发生在私立幼儿园31例(83.78%)。采集37起聚集疫情的140例病例粪便标本进行检测,检测结果以肠道病毒71型(EV71)44例(34.65%)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)39例(30.71%)为主。疫情持续时间平均为(6.00±1.21)d。疫情持续时间与首例病例发病时间-停课时间间隔之间有相关性(r=0.91,P<0.01)。结论托幼机构是手足口病防控的重点场所,加强托幼机构手足口病监测,尽早发现首例病例,执行严格的病例隔离、消毒等防控措施才能有效防控手足口疫情。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in kindergartens and nurseries of Binhai New Area in Tianjin and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD outbreak in nurseries. Methods From May 2014 to April 2015, the related information on the outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in kindergartens in Tianjin Binhai New Area was collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results From May 2014 to April 2015, there were 37 outbreaks of HFMD in Binhai New Area, with a total of 147 cases. The average attack rate was 14.89% (147/987). The outbreak was mainly based on the active search report (94.59%, 35/37). The peak incidence of 5, 6, 9 months, cases of children aged 4 to 5 mainly in 102 cases (69.39%). The epidemic mainly occurred in 31 private kindergartens (83.78%). A total of 37 stool specimens collected from 37 outbreaks were collected and tested in 44 cases (34.65%) of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and 39 cases (30.71%) of Cox A16 in Cox A16, Mainly. The average duration of the outbreak was (6.00 ± 1.21) d. There was a correlation between the duration of the outbreak and the onset time of the first case-closure interval (r = 0.91, P <0.01). Conclusion The nursery and kindergarten is the key area for hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control. To strengthen the monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease in nurseries, the first case should be detected as soon as possible and the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease should be effectively controlled by strict case isolation and disinfection.