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焦虑是个体在担忧自己不能达到目标或不能克服障碍而感到自尊心受到持续威胁下形成的一种紧张不安、带有惧怕色彩的情绪状态,有状态焦虑和特质焦虑的区分。通常,状态焦虑用来描述一种不愉快的情绪体验,如紧张、恐惧、忧虑和神经质,伴有植物神经系统的功能亢进,一般为暂时性的,和个体近一段时间的工作情景有关。特质焦虑则用来描述一个人相对稳定的、作为人格特质且具有个别差异的焦虑倾向,和个体的人格有关。适度的焦虑有助于操作,而如果焦虑水平太高,则妨碍操作,长期过高的焦虑则会导致各种心身问题。
Anxiety is a nervous, fearful emotional state formed by the constant threat of self-esteem when an individual fears they can not achieve their goals or can not overcome obstacles, and there is a distinction between state anxiety and trait anxiety. Often, state anxiety is used to describe an unpleasant emotional experience, such as nervousness, fear, anxiety and nervousness, accompanied by hyperactivity of the autonomic nervous system, and generally temporary, related to an individual’s work profile over time. Trait Anxiety is used to describe a person’s relative stability, personality traits and have individual differences in anxiety, and the individual’s personality. Moderate anxiety helps to operate, and if the level of anxiety is too high, it impedes the operation. Long-term high anxiety can lead to various psychosomatic problems.