目的　了解新生儿窒息后血清胆红素水平及黄疸出现时间的变化。方法　对在本院出生或转入的足月窒息新生儿共 4 0例 ,足月正常新生儿 2 8例 ,在生后 1～ 3d内抽取静脉血 2ml进行胆红素水平测定 ,并对两组患儿出现黄疸时间进行监测。结果　血清胆红素水平在重度窒息组及轻度窒息组与正常对照组间对比 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ,重度窒息组与轻度窒息组对比差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。 2 4h内出现黄疸例数轻、重窒息组与正常对照组比较差异均有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ,轻、重两组间无差异。结论　①新生儿窒息后血清胆红素水平将有下降。②新生儿窒息后黄疸较正常足月儿出现早 ,而窒息程度与胆红素水平及黄疸出现早晚无明显相关性。 Objective To understand the changes of serum bilirubin and jaundice after neonatal asphyxia. Methods A total of 40 full-term asphyxial newborns or 28 full-term newborns born or transferred to our hospital were enrolled. Two milliliters of venous blood was drawn within 1 to 3 days after birth to determine bilirubin levels. Group jaundice time monitoring. Results Serum bilirubin levels were significantly different between severe asphyxia group and mild asphyxia group and normal control group (P <0.01), but no significant difference between severe asphyxia group and mild asphyxia group (P> 0 0 5). Within 24 hours, the number of jaundice cases was mild, and there was significant difference between severe asphyxia group and normal control group (P <0.01). There was no difference between the two groups. Conclusion ① serum bilirubin levels will decline after neonatal asphyxia. ② neonatal asphyxia jaundice than normal full-term children appear earlier, and the degree of asphyxia bilirubin and jaundice appear no correlation between morning and evening.