We identified the amplified spontaneous emission-amplified spontaneous emission (ASE-ASE) beat noise from the semiconductor optical amplifier, which has been overlooked in previous studies, as a cause of severe system penalties when it was used to provide
Laplace operation, the isotropic second-order differentiation, on spatial functions is an essential mathematical calculation in most physical equations and signal processing. Realizing the Laplace operation in a manner of optical analog computing has rece
Based on nonlinear wave mixing, we experimentally propose a scheme for directly generating optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) by a spirally structured fundamental wave interacting with a nonlinear medium, in which the nonlinear susceptibilities are ho