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关于现代汉语的介词的性质及其用法,近年最为通行的说法是:介词主要用在名词或名词性词语前面,共同组成“介词词组”,作动词、形容词的附加成分,表示时间、处所、方式、条件、对象等。介词不能单独做句子成分,总要组成介词词组。介词词组主要作状语,有的还可以作补语、定语。 张静先生批评上述说法,认为:“介词是一种表示语法关系的虚词,是专门介绍一个实词(或词组)作另一个实词(或词组)的附加成分,是偏正关系的一种语法标志。……介词只是介绍者,是一种语法手段。介绍者不能参加被介绍者的行列,不能包括在词组成分里。
As for the nature and usage of the prepositions in modern Chinese, the most common statement in recent years is that prepositions are mainly used in front of nouns or noun words to form “prepositional phrase” as an additional component of verbs and adjectives to indicate time, place, way , Conditions, objects and so on. Prepositions can not be a separate sentence component, always composed of prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases are mainly adverbials, and some can also be complements and attributives. Mr. Zhang Jing criticized the above statement and said: "Prepositions are a kind of function words that represent a grammatical relationship, an additional component that introduces a real word (or phrase) as another substantive (or phrase), a grammatical indicator of a biased relationship Prepositions are introductory, grammatical, introducer can not participate in the ranks of the introducer, can not be included in the phrase composition.