泥页岩组构意指构成泥页岩的成分单位（分散颗粒、矿物晶体和胶结物等）的空间定向性。首先详细地论述了利用Ｘ射线衍射仪进行泥页岩组构分析的基本原理和实验方法，而后为便于定量地描述泥页岩的组构特征，引入了“定向度”概念并据此把泥页岩组构分成５种类型，进而详细地论述了实际样品分析中的定向度计算方法以及渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷（大港油田）部分泥页岩样品的计算实例 Mud shale composition means the spatial orientation of the constituent units (dispersed particles, mineral crystals, cements, etc.) that make up the shale. First of all, the basic principles and experimental methods of the shale compositional analysis by X-ray diffractometer are discussed in detail. Then, in order to describe quantitatively the structural characteristics of shale, the concept of “orientation degree” is introduced and mud The shale formations are divided into five types, and then the methods for calculating the degree of orientation in actual sample analysis and the calculation of some shale samples in the Huanghua Depression (Dagang Oilfield) in the Bohai Bay Basin are discussed in detail