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离子推力器是一种先进的空间推进技术,由于其高比冲,长寿命等特性而获得了广泛的应用,但是受其束流密度的限制,其推力密度也受到限制。然而在轨道转移、深空探测主推进等应用需求中,不但要求其比冲高,还要求其推力大,以缩短航天器轨道转移和巡航时间。受航天器的体积和功率限制,大推力要求离子推力器在一定比冲下具有较高的推力密度。为了提高离子推力器的推力密度,以25cm离子推力器为研究对象,通过改善离子推力器束流平直度和栅极可引出最大束流密度,有效提高了平均束流密度。试验结果显示在3500s比冲下,平均束流密度达到75A/m2,推力密度达到4.1N/m2。
Ion thruster is an advanced space propulsion technology, which is widely used due to its characteristics of high specific impulse and long life, but its thrust density is also limited due to its beam density. However, in applications such as orbital transfer and main propulsion of deep space exploration, not only are they required to be higher than thrust but also require large thrust to shorten spacecraft orbit transfer and cruise time. Subject to spacecraft size and power constraints, high thrust ion thrusters required at a certain thrust higher thrust density. In order to improve the thrust density of the ion thruster, the 25 cm ion thruster is taken as the research object, and the average beam current density is effectively improved by improving the straightness of the ion thruster beam and the maximum beam current density at the grid. The test results show that at 3500s specific impulse, the average beam current density reaches 75A / m2 and the thrust density reaches 4.1N / m2.