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采用搅拌摩擦焊和钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊(TIG)分别对3 mm厚304L奥氏体不锈钢进行焊接,对比分析2种焊接方法下接头的微观组织和抗拉强度。304L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头由焊核区、热力影响区、热影响区及轴肩变形区组成;焊核区组织为均匀细小的动态再结晶组织,热力影响区组织发生明显的塑性变形,而热影响区仅受到热的作用晶粒有所长大;TIG焊接头组织由呈胞状树枝奥氏体晶和呈蠕虫状或板条状铁素体组成。结果表明:2种焊接方法获得的接头强度相似,都略高于母材强度。
The 3 mm thick 304L austenitic stainless steel was welded by friction stir welding and tungsten inert gas arc welding (TIG) respectively. The microstructure and tensile strength of the joint under the two welding methods were compared. 304L stainless steel friction stir welded joint consists of weld zone, heat affected zone, heat affected zone and shoulder deformation zone; weld nugget zone is uniform and small dynamic recrystallization microstructure, heat affected zone tissue obvious plastic deformation, While the heat-affected zone is only affected by the thermal effect of grain growth. The TIG welded joint consists of cellular dendritic austenite and worm-like or lath-shaped ferrite. The results show that the joint strengths obtained by the two kinds of welding methods are similar, which are slightly higher than that of the base metal.