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目的调查上海市社区高血压患者家庭自测血压情况,分析家庭自测血压对血压变异性(blood pressure variability,BPV)的影响。方法对在上海市社区卫生服务机构就诊的130例高血压患者进行问卷调查,主要内容包括人口学特征、高血压病程、血压测量间隔、自测血压所用血压计类型、药物治疗情况、生活方式不健康,统计家庭自测血压率,分析影响家庭自测血压的影响因素,包括城乡(城区或郊区)、不同年龄(<60岁或≥60岁)、不同家族史(有或无)、不同病程(<10年或≥10年)、不同教育水平(大专及以上或中学及以下),将每周至少测量1次血压的患者设为家庭自测血压组,比较家庭自测血压组和非家庭自测血压组的BPV[24 h收缩压变异性(24h SBPV)、24 h舒张压变异性(24h DBPV)、日间收缩压变异性(DSBPV)、日间舒张压变异性(DDBPV)、夜间收缩压变异性(NSBPV)、夜间舒张压变异性(NDBPV)]差异,分析家庭自测血压对BPV的影响。结果130例调查对象中进行家庭自测血压56例,测量率为43.08%。城乡、不同年龄、不同家族史、不同病程、不同教育水平患者间家庭自测血压率存在差异(P<0.05)。家庭自测血压组的24h SBPV、DSBPV、NSBPV明显低于非家庭自测血压组(P<0.05),24h DBPV、DDBPV、NDBPV差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论上海市社区高血压患者的家庭血压测量率仍较低,家庭自测血压能够减少收缩压变异性。
Objective To investigate the family self-rated blood pressure in community-based hypertensive patients in Shanghai and analyze the effect of family self-rated blood pressure on blood pressure variability (BPV). Methods A total of 130 hypertensive patients treated in community health service agencies in Shanghai were surveyed. The main contents included demographic characteristics, duration of hypertension, interval of blood pressure measurement, type of sphygmomanometer used for self-test blood pressure, drug treatment, unhealthy lifestyle , Statistics of family self-test blood pressure, analysis of factors affecting family self-test blood pressure, including urban and rural (urban or suburban), different age (<60 years or ≥ 60 years), different family history (with or without) <10 years or> 10 years), different education levels (college and above or below), and patients who measured blood pressure at least once a week as family self-rated blood pressure, compared with family self-rated blood pressure and non-family self BPV [24 h SBPV, 24 h DBPV, DSBPV, DDBPV, nighttime contraction Pressure variability (NSBPV), nocturnal diastolic pressure variability (NDBPV)], and analyzed the effect of home-based BP on BPV. Results Among the 130 subjects, 56 cases of home self-test blood pressure were measured with a measurement rate of 43.08%. There was a significant difference in self-rated blood pressure (P <0.05) between urban and rural areas, different ages, different family history, different course of disease and different educational level. The SBPV, DSBPV and NSBPV were significantly lower in the self-test blood pressure group than those in the non-home self-test blood pressure group (P <0.05), but not significantly different in the DBPV, DDBPV and NDBPV. Conclusion The prevalence of family blood pressure in community-based hypertensive patients in Shanghai is still low, and family self-test blood pressure can reduce the variability of systolic blood pressure.