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漕运制度,是从水路转运各地田赋(粮食)供应京师百官俸禄军饷、宫廷消费的一种转运方式。明人何乔远曾明确指出:“运也者,朝廷所以禄百官,廪庶工,食宿卫士,饱关辅戎马, 国计之大者也。”漕运方式早在秦汉时就已经出现了。明代从永乐十三年(1415)罢海运,京师百费赖“一衣带之水”供给,保证漕粮如额如期达到北京成为明朝至关重要的军国大事,为此明朝制定了许多措施和制度。其规模之大,组织之严密,制度之完备,为历代所不及。
The system of water transport is a transcontinental way of transporting land tax (grain) supplied by waterways throughout the country to the officials and staff of the Imperial Court for payment of salaries and salaries. He Qiao Yuan Ming people have made it clear that: “Yun Ye also, the court so Lu Baiguan, Shu Shu Gong, food and shelter guards, full complement auxiliary military, the grand total of national statistics also.” Water transport as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties have emerged It’s In the Ming Dynasty, from the 13th year of Yongle (1415), the sea was stopped and the capital was supplied by “a strip of water” to ensure that Beijing’s grain supply reached Beijing as the most important military event of the Ming Dynasty as scheduled, Many measures and systems. Its large scale, strict organization, the system is complete, for generations to come.