慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一组气流受限为特征的肺部疾病,气流受限持续存在并且呈进行性发展,伴有气道和肺对有害颗粒或气体所致慢性炎性反应的增加,急性加重和并发症影响患者整体疾病的严重程度[1]。COPD主要累及肺部,但也可以引起肺外各器官的损害。预计到2020年COPD将成为全球第5位影响生存时间、生活质量和经济负担的疾病。COPD的每一次急性加重均会造成患者肺功能的显著恶化,并 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of lung diseases characterized by limited airflow, with limited and persistent airflow limitation, with chronic inflammatory responses to harmful particles or gases in the airways and lungs Increases, exacerbations, and complications affect the overall severity of the disease in patients [1]. COPD mainly affects the lungs, but it can also cause damage to various organs outside the lungs. It is estimated that by 2020, COPD will be the fifth in the world to affect the quality of life, the quality of life and the financial burden of living. Each acute exacerbation of COPD causes a significant deterioration of lung function in patients