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甲醛是一种啮齿类动物的鼻腔致癌物,目前尚无确切证据说明接触甲醛者鼻腔癌患病率增加。本文报道了3例因长期接触甲醛所致鼻粘膜恶性黑色素瘤病例。病例1 患者女,58岁,感觉左侧鼻腔前部有一逐渐增大的肿块,并侵袭鼻前庭及鼻唇襞,后行鼻切除术,组织学检查显示为恶性黑色素瘤。病人从18岁开始在一家庭养鸡场负责清理烤箱工作,采用背负式喷雾器喷洒甲醛溶液,每9周工作1周,间歇期很少接触甲醛,暴露期无防护措施,也没有暴露于其它已知的致癌物质的历史。在暴露期病人曾有强烈的上呼吸道刺激症状。在23～52岁间,病人作为家庭主妇,有时间断接触甲醛。
Formaldehyde is a rodent nasal carcinogen, there is no conclusive evidence of increased incidence of nasal cancer in contact with formaldehyde. This article reports 3 cases of nasal mucosal malignant melanoma due to long-term exposure to formaldehyde cases. Case 1 The female patient, 58 years old, felt an enlarged mass in the front part of the left nasal cavity and invaded the nasal vestibule and nasolabial folds and underwent nasal resection. Histological examination revealed malignant melanoma. From the age of 18, the patient was responsible for cleaning the oven in a domestic chicken farm, using a knapsack sprayer to spray the formaldehyde solution for 1 week every 9 weeks, with little exposure to formaldehyde during the intermittent period, no protective measures during the exposure period, and no exposure to the other Known carcinogen history. During the exposure period, the patient had a strong upper respiratory irritation. In 23 ~ 52 years old, the patient as a housewife, sometimes broken touch formaldehyde.