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目的 进一步探讨枕骨大孔区肿瘤的临床特点、诊断、治疗和预后。方法 对１３ 例枕骨大孔区肿瘤患者的临床、影像学表现，以及手术治疗效果进行分析。结果 本组以颈枕部疼痛伴肢体无力为首发症状最多见，ＭＲＩ所见与手术和病理结果相一致，其中髓外颅脊型及脊颅型肿瘤９ 例，髓内肿瘤４例。前者以神经鞘膜瘤和脊膜瘤为主各３例，脑膜瘤２ 例，多可完全切除；后者为星形细胞瘤和室管膜瘤各２ 例，全切除困难。结论 ＭＲＩ对枕骨大孔区肿瘤的定位、定性诊断有帮助，确诊后应尽早手术。髓外肿瘤疗效佳，而髓内肿瘤差。
Objective To further explore the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of foramen magnum tumors. Methods Thirteen patients with tumor of the foramen magnum were analyzed for clinical features, imaging findings and surgical treatment. Results This group of patients with neck and occipital pain associated with limb weakness as the first symptom onset, MRI findings and surgical and pathological findings consistent with extramedullary cranial and spine cranial tumors in 9 cases, 4 cases of intramedullary tumors. The former mainly to nerve sheath tumor and meningioma in 3 cases, 2 cases of meningioma, and more can be completely removed; the latter two cases of astrocytoma and ependymoma, total removal difficulties. Conclusion MRI is helpful for the localization and qualitative diagnosis of tumors in the foramen magnum, and surgery should be done as soon as possible after diagnosis. Extramedullary tumors with good efficacy, and poor intramedullary tumors.