论文部分内容阅读
为完善和优化大豆远缘嫁接诱变技术体系,以与大豆远缘的8种植物为砧木,以4个大豆品种(系)为接穗进行嫁接试验。结果表明:以6～8日龄的大豆幼苗作为接穗可提高远缘嫁接成活率,其中7日龄大豆幼苗的嫁接成活率最高。砧木类型对远缘嫁接大豆后代诱变率和诱变方向有重要影响,番茄/龙选1号、蓖麻/科绿2号、生姜/科绿2号、蓖麻/田丰90和洋姜/田丰90嫁接组合的诱变率最高,同时以生姜和番茄作为砧木与大豆接穗嫁接后代可出现高蛋白、高油和晚熟类型突变;以甘薯和马铃薯为砧木与大豆接穗嫁接后代可出现多分枝和丰产类型突变;以蓖麻和洋姜为砧木与大豆接穗嫁接后代可出现抗逆性强(抗倒伏)和植株矮化的突变类型;以南瓜和葫芦为砧木与大豆接穗嫁接后代可出现晚熟和高大植株的突变类型。嫁接亲和力评价结果表明,以南瓜、马铃薯、番茄和生姜作为砧木的嫁接亲和力较高,以科绿2号为接穗的嫁接亲和力较高。
In order to improve and optimize the technical system of soybean far-edge grafting mutagenesis, 8 plant species distant from soybean were used as rootstocks, and 4 soybean varieties (lines) were screened for grafting. The results showed that using 6 to 8 day-old soybean seedlings as the scion could improve the survival rate of the distant grafting, among which the 7-day-old soybean seedlings had the highest grafting survival rate. Rootstock types had an important effect on the mutagenesis rate and mutagenesis direction of the late grafted soybean. The effects of tomato / Longxian 1, castor / Kelun 2, ginger / Kelun 2, castor / Tianfeng 90 and Yangjing / Tianfeng 90 grafting combination of the highest mutagenesis, while ginseng and tomato as a rootstock and scion scion graft can occur high-protein, high oil and late-maturing types of mutations; to sweet potato and potato as rootstock and scion grafted offspring can appear multi-branched And high-yield type mutation; Castor and foreign ginger as a rootstock and scion grafted offspring can appear strong resistance (lodging) and plant dwarf mutation types; pumpkin and gourd as a rootstock and scion grafted offspring can appear late maturity and The type of mutation in tall plants. The grafting affinity evaluation results showed that the grafting affinity of pumpkin, potato, tomato and ginger as rootstocks was higher, and the accession of branch green No. 2 was higher.