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为探究不同类型玉米淀粉形成机理,对普通玉米、甜玉米、糯玉米淀粉积累、相关酶活及基因表达进行测定,分析不同类型玉米淀粉积累、相关酶活及基因表达之间的差异及相互关系。结果表明,不同类型玉米总淀粉和直链淀粉百分含量为:普通玉米>糯玉米>甜玉米,支链淀粉百分含量为:糯玉米>普通玉米>甜玉米,灌浆期间总淀粉和直链淀粉含量3个玉米类型间差异显著;灌浆期间,普通玉米各淀粉合成相关酶活性最高,甜玉米淀粉合成相关酶活性最低,糯玉米则介于普通玉米和甜玉米之间,但其GBSS酶活性很小。灌浆期间3个类型玉米除GBSS酶活性差异不显著外,其他淀粉合成相关酶活性差异显著;普通玉米淀粉合成相关基因表达量总体均高于甜玉米和糯玉米,甜玉米和糯玉米相关突变基因仍存在表达。表明不同类型玉米淀粉含量和组成上差异明显;普通玉米淀粉的形成需要淀粉合成相关酶相互作用,淀粉合成相关酶活性的缺失会改变淀粉组成;不同类型玉米淀粉合成相关基因表达差异显著,但都存在转录活性。对普通玉米进行相关性分析同时发现,淀粉的合成不仅受到转录调控,还受到转录后调控,淀粉的合成是淀粉合成各酶之间相互协调的结果。
In order to explore the formation mechanism of different types of corn starch, the accumulation of starch, relative enzyme activity and gene expression in common corn, sweet corn and waxy corn were determined, and the differences and correlations among different types of corn starch accumulation, related enzyme activities and gene expression were analyzed . The results showed that the percentages of total starch and amylose in different types of corn were: normal corn> waxy corn> sweet corn, and the percentage of amylopectin was waxy corn> normal corn> sweet corn. The content of total starch and straight chain Starch content was significantly different among the three maize types. During the grain filling period, starch synthesis related enzymes activities were the highest in common maize, but starch synthase related enzymes were the lowest in wax maize, but waxy maize was between common maize and sweet maize. However, GBSS activity Very small. The activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis were significantly different among the three types of maize during grain filling except for GBSS activity. The expression levels of starch synthesis related genes in common maize were higher than those in sweet corn and waxy corn, sweet corn and waxy corn There are still expressions. The results showed that the content and composition of different types of corn starch had obvious differences. The formation of common corn starch required the enzyme interaction of starch synthesis, and the lack of enzyme activity related to starch synthesis changed the starch composition. Presence of transcriptional activity. The correlation analysis of common maize also found that the synthesis of starch is not only regulated by transcription, but also regulated by transcription. The synthesis of starch is the result of the coordination among enzymes in starch synthesis.