面对水资源开发利用过程中存在的矛盾和问题,特别是近年来出现的新情况和新问题,中国必须坚持依法治水、依法治污的方略,推动水资源开发利用和保护的法制化进程。当前,中国水资源保护和可持续利用方面存在一些突出矛盾,主要表现在水资源紧缺与用水效率低下的矛盾、水污染严重与水污染防治滞后的矛盾、洪涝灾害频发与防洪标准偏低、水体调节功能弱化与水环境不断恶化的矛盾等。为此,中国相继颁布 Faced with the contradictions and problems in the development and utilization of water resources, especially the new situations and new problems that have emerged in recent years, China must adhere to the strategy of managing water according to law and polluting it in accordance with the law and promote the legalization of the development, utilization and protection of water resources. At present, there are some prominent contradictions in the protection and sustainable use of water resources in China, which are mainly manifested in the contradiction between water scarcity and inefficient use of water, the conflict between serious water pollution and prevention and control of water pollution, low frequency of flood disasters and low flood control standards, Water regulating function weakening and water environment deteriorating contradictions. To this end, China have promulgated one after another