学习的过程就是将新知识与原有认知结构进行整合或重建。在物理新知识学习中,教师可借助实验创设认知冲突,引导学生通过扩充下位知识,概括上位知识和融合并列结合学习知识等同化方式化解矛盾,使学生对新旧知识的认知从矛盾对立转向和谐统一,从而促进他们认知结构的发展和完善。 The process of learning is to integrate or rebuild the new knowledge with the original cognitive structure. In the study of physics new knowledge, teachers can create cognitive conflicts through experiments, guide students to resolve contradictions by expanding lower-level knowledge, summarizing upper-level knowledge and combining parallel learning with knowledge assimilation so that students can turn their cognition of old and new knowledge from contradiction to opposition Harmony and unity, so as to promote their cognitive structure development and improvement.