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目的探讨氟、砷及氟砷联合染毒对大鼠空间学习记忆及大脑皮质氧化损伤的影响。方法初断乳SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分4组,对照组(自由饮用蒸馏水),氟、砷处理组和氟砷联合染毒组(分别自由饮用120 mg/L氟化钠、70 mg/L亚砷酸钠、120 mg/L氟化钠+70 mg/L亚砷酸钠水溶液),染毒3个月;采用Morris水迷宫测试空间学习记忆能力,检测大鼠血清和大脑皮质总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力。结果氟、砷处理组和联合染毒组第4 d逃避潜伏期分别为[(10.34±1.18)、(11.76±1.23)、(13.78±3.49)s],均高于对照组的(5.85±1.98)s(P<0.01);与对照组比较,染毒组大鼠首次到达平台时间明显延长,目标象限停留时间和穿越次数明显降低(P<0.05);氟、砷处理组和联合染毒组大脑皮质T-AOC水平与GSH-Px活力分别为[(1.02±0.25)、(1.18±0.54)、(0.99±0.28)U/mgprot]和[(5.34±0.70)、(4.34±1.49)、(5.34±0.88)U/gprot],均低于对照组的(1.75±0.66)U/mgprot和(6.82±0.85)U/gprot;与对照组、氟处理组和联合染毒组比较,砷处理组大鼠大脑皮质SOD酶活力较低(P<0.05);氟处理组和联合染毒组大脑皮质MDA含量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论氟、砷及其联合作用可损害大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,其机制可能与大脑皮质氧化损伤有关。
Objective To investigate the effects of fluoride, arsenic and fluoride-arsenic combined exposure on spatial learning and memory and oxidative damage of cerebral cortex in rats. Methods SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (free drinking distilled water), fluoride, arsenic treatment group and fluoride-arsenic combined treatment group (free drinking 120 mg / L sodium fluoride, 70 mg / L sodium arsenite, 120 mg / L sodium fluoride +70 mg / L sodium arsenite solution) for 3 months. Morris water maze was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability, and the total serum and cerebral cortex total anti (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) Results The escape latency of the 4th and 4th day in fluoride and arsenic treatment groups was (10.34 ± 1.18), (11.76 ± 1.23) and (13.78 ± 3.49) s, respectively, which were higher than those in control group (5.85 ± 1.98) (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the time to reach the platform for the first time was significantly prolonged and the target quadrant residence time and the number of crossovers were significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, The levels of T-AOC and GSH-Px in cortex were (1.02 ± 0.25), (1.18 ± 0.54), (0.99 ± 0.28) U / mgprot and [5.34 ± 0.70], (4.34 ± 1.49) ± 0.88) U / gprot] were lower than those in the control group (1.75 ± 0.66) U / mgprot and (6.82 ± 0.85) U / gprot respectively. Compared with the control group, the fluoride treatment group and the combined exposure group, The activity of SOD in cerebral cortex was lower (P <0.05), while the content of MDA in cerebral cortex of the fluoride-treated group and the combined exposure group was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Fluorine, arsenic and their combined effects can impair the spatial learning and memory in rats. The mechanism may be related to the oxidative damage of cerebral cortex.