目的 :探讨应用纤维支气管镜 (纤支镜 )引导微波治疗气管 -支气管内膜结核的疗效。方法 :5 2例支气管内膜结核患者 ,Ⅱ型支气管内膜结核 (溃疡、干酪坏死型 ) 8例 ,Ⅲ型支气管内膜结核 (肉芽增殖型 ) 2 7例 ,Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型支气管内膜结核 (混合存在 ) 17例 ,按纤维支气管镜介入治疗常规准备并插镜 ,将微波导线探出镜端 2～3cm ,接触欲行微波治疗的病灶表面 ,调节微波功率为 45～ 6 0W ,时间为每次 3～ 6S ,共计 2 5～ 30min。结果 :5 2例患者治疗均取得成功 ,40例经 3～ 4次镜下微波治疗和镜下给药 ,病变得到治愈。 8例病变经 6～ 8次微波治疗和镜下给药 ,其中 4例病情较重治疗后仍狭窄 ,建议球囊扩张和支架置入。结论 :内镜下微波治疗支气管内膜结核 ,能使病灶迅速缩小、治愈 ;咳漱、呼吸困难、肺不张明显改善 ,避免部分患者最终手术治疗。 Objective: To investigate the curative effect of bronchoscope (bronchoscope) guided microwave treatment of tracheal-bronchial endometrial tuberculosis. Methods: Fifty-two patients with endobronchial tuberculosis, type Ⅱ endobronchial tuberculosis (ulcer and cheese necrosis type), type Ⅲ endoplasmic bronchitis (granuloma multiplication type), type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ bronchial intima Tuberculosis (mixed presence) in 17 cases, according to the routine preparation of fiberoptic bronchoscopy and insert, the microwave wire out of the mirror end 2 ~ 3cm, contact with the microwave treatment of lesions on the surface, adjust the microwave power of 45 ~ 60W, time For each 3 ~ 6S, a total of 25 ~ 30min. Results: Fifty-two patients were successfully treated. Forty patients underwent microscopic and microsurgical treatment 3 to 4 times, and the lesions were cured. 8 cases of lesions by 6 to 8 times microwave treatment and microscopic administration, of which 4 cases of severe disease after treatment is still stenosis, it is recommended balloon dilatation and stent placement. Conclusion: Endoscopic microwave treatment of endobronchial tuberculosis, can make the lesions quickly reduced and cured; cough, breathing difficulties, atelectasis was significantly improved, to avoid the final surgery in some patients.