本文根据煤(岩)变形破坏的机理,提出了冲击地压的失稳理论.煤(岩)变形在峰值强度后,出现包括裂纹、裂缝在内的广义变形集中区,其力学性质发生显著变化,并是具有应变软化行为的介质。冲击地压是煤(岩)介质当其受采动影响而产生应力集中,煤(岩)体内高应力区的介质局部形成应变软化与尚未形成应变软化(包括弹性和应变硬化)的介质处于非稳定平衡状态时,在外界扰动下的动力失稳过程,本文在讨论冲击地压发生的判别准则时采用了能量的非稳定平衡判别准则和动力过程的判别准则,给出了冲击地压失稳理论的数学模型;并用变形体力学的有限元方法,编制了计算程序、并列举了计算实例. In this paper, based on the mechanism of coal (rock) deformation and failure, the instability theory of rockburst is proposed. After the peak strength of coal (rock) deformation, a generalized deformation concentration area including cracks and cracks occurs, and its mechanical properties change significantly. , And is a medium with strain softening behavior. The impact rock pressure is the coal (rock) medium that has stress concentration when it is affected by mining, and the medium in the high stress area of ​​the coal (rock) is locally formed with strain softening and the medium with no strain softening (including elasticity and strain hardening) is not in place. In the stable equilibrium state, in the process of dynamic instability under external disturbances, in this paper, the discriminating criteria of the occurrence of rock burst are used when the unsteady equilibrium criterion of energy and the discriminating criterion of dynamic process are adopted, and the instability of impact ground pressure is given. The mathematical model of the theory; and using the finite element method of deformable body mechanics, the calculation program was compiled and the calculation examples were listed.