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目的:探讨济南市先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)的流行状况、类型和构成。方法:选择2005年1月至2008年12月于济南市妇幼保健院接受胎儿心脏彩色多普勒超声检查的孕妇,共18 182例,随访围产儿预后情况,包括死胎、死产、活产、新生儿死亡、治疗性引产,结合尸体解剖及出生后超声检查,统计分析先天性心脏病的发病率、构成比等流行病学调查。结果:①18 182例孕妇宫内诊断胎儿先天性心脏病260例,未包括单纯房间隔缺损(继发孔型),平均发生率为14.3‰。其中单纯性室间隔缺损发病率最高,达8.58‰;其次为纠正性/完全性大动脉转位,发病率为1.1‰。②≥35岁的孕妇围产儿先天性心脏病发生率高于其他年龄组。结论:心脏彩色多普勒检查B超是胎儿CHD的一项有效的筛查手段,致死性及复杂严重的胎儿CHD得到了早期及时诊断,减少新生儿CHD的发生率,降低了社会及家庭的负担。≥35岁的孕妇发生胎儿心脏畸形率升高,建议选择合适的年龄受孕。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence, types and constitution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Jinan City. Methods: A total of 18 182 pregnant women undergoing fetal color Doppler ultrasonography in Jinan MCH from January 2005 to December 2008 were selected. The prognosis of perinatal infants, including stillbirth, stillbirth, live birth, Neonatal death, therapeutic abortion, combined with autopsy and postnatal ultrasound examination, statistical analysis of incidence of congenital heart disease, constitutional ratio and other epidemiological investigations. Results: ①18 182 pregnant women were diagnosed intrauterine fetal congenital heart disease 260 cases, did not include simple atrial septal defect (secondary orifice), the average incidence was 14.3 ‰. The incidence of simple ventricular septal defect highest, up to 8.58 ‰; followed by corrective / complete aortic transposition, the incidence was 1.1 ‰. ②≥35-year-old pregnant women perinatal congenital heart disease incidence was higher than other age groups. Conclusion: Cardiac color Doppler ultrasonography is an effective screening method for fetus CHD. Fetal CHD of fatal and complicated severe fetuses has been diagnosed early and timely, reducing the incidence of neonatal CHD and reducing social and family burden. ≥ 35-year-old pregnant women with fetal heart rate abnormalities, it is recommended to choose the appropriate age of pregnancy.