目的　探讨血液病患者的心理状况及相关因素 ,以指导心理干预 ,提高生存质量。方法　选用焦虑自评量表 ( SAS)和抑郁自评量表 ( SDS)评价病人的情绪障碍。利用社会支持量表评定病人的社会支持及主要照顾者 SAS评分、SDS评分等作为相关因素。结果　血液病患者的 SAS、SDS评分明显高于常模 ;多元回归分析显示 :病人的 SAS评分与年龄 ,支持利用负相关 ,与照顾者 SAS评分正相关。 SDS评分与支持利用 ,主观支持负相关 ,与照顾者 SAS评分正相关。结论　血液病患者存在明显的焦虑、抑郁 ,并受多种因素的影响 ,医护人员应有针对性地给予心理帮助和指导 Objective To investigate the psychological status of patients with hematological disorders and related factors to guide the psychological intervention and improve the quality of life. Methods The anxiety self-rating scale (SAS) and depression self-rating scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the patients’ mood disorders. Using the social support scale to assess the patient’s social support and primary caregiver SAS scores, SDS scores and other related factors. Results SAS and SDS scores of patients with hematological diseases were significantly higher than those of normotensive patients. Multivariate regression analysis showed that patients’ SAS scores were negatively correlated with age and supportive utilization, and were positively correlated with SAS scores of caregivers. SDS scores were negatively correlated with supportive use, subjective support, and positively correlated with caregiver SAS scores. Conclusion There are obvious anxiety and depression in patients with hematological diseases, and due to many factors, the medical and nursing staff should give psychological help and guidance in a targeted manner