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土壤中氮素的转化过程是氮素生物地球化学循环的关键环节,与当前诸多生态环境问题密切相关。传统观点认为土壤氮素转化过程须在微生物的参与下完成,但越来越多的研究发现化学过程同样发挥着重要的作用。目前相关研究多以铁作为氮素化学转化过程的电子供体或受体,并按照氮素的电子得失与去向将其划分为化学反硝化、化学硝化和化学固定过程。本研究以铁-氮之间氧化还原的耦合过程为基础对土壤中氮素化学转化的相关研究进行综合评述,着重探讨了土壤pH、固相界面、有机物浓度以及氮素水平等因素对该过程的影响机制。在此基础上,对相关工作提出建议与展望以供后续研究参考。
The process of nitrogen transformation in soil is a key part of the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, which is closely related to many current ecological and environmental problems. The traditional view that soil nitrogen conversion process must be completed with the participation of microorganisms, but more and more studies have found that chemical processes also play an important role. At present, many researches mainly use iron as the electron donor or acceptor of nitrogen chemical conversion process, and divide it into chemical denitrification, chemical nitrification and chemical fixing according to the electronic gain and loss of nitrogen. In this study, we reviewed the related research on nitrogen chemical transformation in soil based on the coupling process of redox between iron and nitrogen, and discussed the effects of pH, solid-phase interface, organic matter concentration and nitrogen level on the process The impact mechanism. On this basis, we put forward suggestions and prospects for related work for reference.