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一、前言 大震前地下水的变化是地震预报的手段之一,由于它容易被广大群众所掌握,所以具有比较普遍的意义。但是地下水变化的原因却很复杂,所以有必要搞清地下水变化的特征与地震的关系,即哪些有关,哪些无关。对这个问题,除了对水文地质条件、旱涝、气压变化、涨河、灌溉、人工用水以及潮汐力等因素进行分析外,还必须将地下水的变化与震源孕育的模式联系起来进行分析。本文主要是根据文献[3]中所介绍的一种震源孕育模式,结合具体的地震实例来探讨大震前地下水的变化特征。
I. Preface The groundwater change before the earthquake is one of the means of earthquake prediction. As it is easily mastered by the general public, it has a relatively universal meaning. However, the reasons for groundwater changes are complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the relationship between the characteristics of groundwater changes and earthquakes, that is, what is relevant and what is not. In addition to analyzing the hydrogeological conditions, droughts and floods, changes in barometric pressure, rising rivers, irrigation, artificial water and tidal forces, this issue must also be analyzed in connection with changes in groundwater sources and patterns of origin. In this paper, we mainly discuss the variation characteristics of groundwater before earthquakes according to a source gestation model introduced in [3] and a case study of specific earthquakes.