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为揭示轮轨表面破坏与摩擦温升的内在联系,利用有限元和有限差分混合算法,建立了轮轨滚动接触热耦合计算模型,模拟轮轨滚动、滑动接触温升过程。模型中考虑了轮轨间非稳态热传导、与环境的热对流、热辐射,针对轮轨光滑和不平顺两种接触表面情形,分析了滚动、滑动工况下轮轨界面间的摩擦温升状态。计算结果表明轮轨表面不平顺能使经历短时间滑动的轮轨表面倾向于产生斑点状剥离,长时间滑动与滚动工况下表面不平顺对温度场的影响可忽略,滑动工况的温升较滚动工况的大。
In order to reveal the inherent relationship between wheel-rail surface damage and friction temperature rise, a finite element model and a finite-difference method were used to establish the thermal-coupled calculation model of wheel-rail rolling contact. The simulation of wheel-rail rolling and sliding contact temperature rise process was carried out. In the model, unsteady heat conduction between wheels and rails, thermal convection with the environment and heat radiation are considered. For the smooth and irregular wheel-rail contact surfaces, the frictional temperature rise between wheel-rail interface under rolling and sliding conditions status. The results show that the wheel and rail surface irregularities can make the wheel and rail surface subjected to short-term slip tend to produce speckled peeling, the influence of surface irregularities on the temperature field under long-term sliding and rolling conditions is negligible, Larger than the rolling conditions.