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“研究经验”课程是社会科学专业本科生及研究生的必修课。社会科学相关领域的教授们在设计这样的课程时常常遇到种种困难。除了有限的教学资源外,教授们使用教科书的局限性、“二代”数据以及假设性的情境等因素都限制了学生们亲身参与实践、实时研究项目的机会。学生需要真实的、能够亲身参与研究项目的实证经验,才能夯实研究技能,增强对研究方法的理解。哈佛大学教育学院设计的两门“研究经验”课程(第一代课程和第二代课程)体现了达到这一目标的两种方式。第一代课程与第二代课程都采用了工作室模式。这种模式以全体学生共同参加的核心研讨会和一系列精心设计的实验实践站点为框架。在站点负责人的监督指导下,学生从中挑选合适的站点,并与其他学生组成小组共同实践。相对于第一代课程整学年的学时安排,第二代课程在学时上只需要一学期,缩短了学生的学习周期,但在精心的课程设计和指导下,通过亲力亲为地对“二代”数据进行分析,学生实践了研究过程极为重要的关键环节,掌握了一套系统的研究方法技能,获取了研究方法和过程的第一手体验,使他们在就业市场上或申请攻读博士学位时更具竞争力。
“Research Experience ” Courses are compulsory courses for undergraduates and postgraduates in social sciences. Professors in the social sciences often face difficulties in designing such courses. In addition to limited teaching resources, the limited use of textbooks by professors, “second generation” data, and hypothetical scenarios all limit the chances of students actually participating in the project and researching the project in real time. Students need real, hands-on experience in research projects that reinforce their research skills and enhance their understanding of research methods. The two “Research Experiences” (first- and second-generation courses) designed by Harvard’s School of Education reflect two ways of achieving this goal. The first generation of courses and second-generation courses are used studio mode. This model is framed by a core workshop where all students attend and a series of well-designed experimental practices. Under the supervision and guidance of the person in charge of the site, students select suitable sites and practice with other students to form a group. Compared with the arrangement of the first-year courses in the whole year, the second-generation courses only require one semester of study time, which shortens the students’ learning cycle. However, under the elaborate course design and guidance, the second- "The data were analyzed and students practiced critical aspects of the research process, mastering a systematic set of research methodologies and gaining a first-hand experience of research methods and processes that enable them to work in the job market or apply for a doctorate More competitive.