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针对月季栽培过程中出现的最严重的根结线虫病防治问题 ,开展了月季对根结线虫抗性遗传研究。研究结果如下 :①对常用的 4种月季砧木R .multifloraK1 ,K2 ,CE63及R .indica对 4种常见根结线虫即南方根结线虫 (Meloidogyneincognita)、爪哇根结线虫 (M .javanica)、花生根结线虫 (M .arenaria)及北方根结线虫 (M .hapla)的抗性进行了测定 ,得出只有北方根结线虫能侵染月季 ,其余 3种不能侵染。②根结指数与对数转化后的每克根中雌虫数、雄虫数、3～ 4龄幼虫数之和、2龄幼虫数、卵数、成虫及 3～ 4龄幼虫数之总和、2龄幼虫与卵数之总和均呈线性相关关系 ,因此根结指数是进行抗性评价的可靠、简单及实用的指标。抗性划分标准如下 :根结指数 0 .0～ 1 .0 ,抗病 ;1 .0～ 2 .0 ,中等抗病 ;2 .0～ 3.0 ,感病 ;3.0～4.0 ,比较感病 ;4.0～ 5 .0 ,高度感病。③以根结指数为指标 ,通过对杂交所得 74个子代的抗性评价试验表明 :在 2抗性亲本所得 1 2个子代中 ,各子代抗性水平存在抗性分化 ,说明抗病基因不是由单一显性基因控制 ;在所有的 62个抗性亲本与感病亲本的杂交子代中 ,5 9个子代均比抗病亲本感病 ,表明抗病基因由隐性基因控制。因此 ,提出了月季对根结线虫的抗性遗传可能由 2个基因决定
Aiming at the most serious problem of controlling root-knot nematode in the process of rose cultivation, the genetic study of resistance to root-knot nematode was carried out. The results are as follows: (1) Four common root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita, M.javanica, peanut The resistances of M. lanaria and M. hapla were tested, and it was found that only the root-knot nematodes could infect the rose and the remaining three species could not infect. ② The sum of root number and number of females, number of males, number of 3rd to 4th instar larvae, number of 2nd instar larvae, number of eggs, adults and 3rd to 4th instar larvae per root after logarithm transformation, The 2nd instar larvae showed a linear correlation with the total number of eggs. Therefore, the root knot index was a reliable, simple and practical indicator for resistance evaluation. Resistant classification criteria are as follows: root knot index 0 .0 ~ 1 .0, disease resistance; 1 .0 ~ 2 .0, moderate resistance; 2.0 ~ 3.0, susceptible; 3.0 ~ 4.0, more susceptible; 4.0 ~ 5 .0, highly susceptible. ③ The root knot index as an indicator, through the hybridization of 74 offspring of the resistance evaluation test showed that: 2 resistant parents obtained 12 progeny, the resistance level of each progeny there are resistance differentiation, indicating that the resistance gene is not Controlled by a single dominant gene, out of the hybrid progenies of all 62 resistant and susceptible parents, 59 offspring were susceptible to disease-resistant parents, indicating that disease-resistance genes are controlled by recessive genes. Therefore, it is proposed that the genetic inheritance of resistance to root-knot nematodes may be determined by two genes