Objective To analyze factors associated with unplanned revascularization (UR) risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 10,640 cases with CAD who underwent PCI were analyzed. Multivariate COX regressions and competing risk regressions were applied. Results The patients who underwent UR following PCI in 30 days, 1, and 2 years accounted for 0.3%, 6.5%, and 8.7%, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the number of target lesions [hazard ratio (HR)=2.320; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.643–3.277; P<0.001], time of procedure (HR =1.006; 95% CI: 1.001–1.010; P=0.014), body mass index (HR =1.104; 95% CI: 1.006–1.210; P=0.036), incomplete revascularization (ICR) (HR = 2.476; 95% CI: 1.030–5.952; P = 0.043), and age (HR =1.037; 95% CI:1.000–1.075; P = 0.048) were determined as independent risk factors of 30-day UR. Factors, including low-molecular-weight heparin or fondaparinux (HR = 0.618; 95% CI: 0.531–0.719; P < 0.001), second-generation durable polymer drug-eluting stent (HR =0.713; 95% CI: 0.624–0.814; P<0.001), left anterior descending artery involvement (HR =0.654; 95% CI: 0.530–0.807; P<0.001), and age (HR =0.992; 95% CI: 0.985–0.998; P = 0.014), were independently associated with decreased two-year UR risk. While, Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score (HR =1.024; 95% CI: 1.014–1.033; P < 0.001) and ICR (HR = 1.549; 95% CI: 1.290–1.860; P < 0.001) were negatively associated with two-year UR risk. Conclusion Specific factors were positively or negatively associated with short- and medium-long-term UR following PCI.