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儿童利益最大化是国际通行的一项基本原则,且未成年人确实在辨认和控制能力方面同成年人之间存在一定差异,但其都并非必然对未成年犯罪人从宽处罚的理由。事实上,无论是成年人犯罪还是未成年人犯罪都是对法益的侵害,以被害人角度视之,在不存在其他任何补偿机制的前提下,对未成年犯罪人从宽处罚是有失公正的。为确保未成年犯罪人与被害人利益之平衡,必须设立相应的民事赔偿制度,以弥补未成年犯罪刑罚之不足。在当下,此种补偿机制一方面是在妥当理解相关规定的基础上,直接按《侵权责任法》之规定对被害人进行赔偿;另一方面,是对司法救助相关条款进行完善,建立国家对未成年犯罪被害人之救助制度。
While the maximization of children’s interests is a fundamental principle internationally accepted and minors do differ from adults in their ability to identify and control, they are not necessarily grounds for leniency for juvenile offenders. In fact, both adult crimes and juvenile delinquency are violations of the law and interests. From the victim’s point of view, without any other compensation mechanism, leniency penalties for juvenile offenders are unfair . In order to ensure the balance of the interests of juvenile delinquents and victims, a corresponding system of civil compensation must be set up to make up for the inadequacies of juvenile offenses. At present, on the one hand, such compensation mechanism, on the one hand, properly compensates the victims on the basis of proper understanding of the relevant provisions and on the other hand, it improves the relevant provisions of judicial assistance and establishes the right of the state Assistance system for adult crime victims.