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为合理施用磷肥,以不同熟期大豆品种黑河43、绥农28和黑农51为试验材料,在低磷(10 mg.kg-1)和高磷(33 mg.kg-1)两种磷水平土壤下,对大豆不同生育时期不同器官的磷素含量动态变化、磷素吸收积累与分配以及产量因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)3个供试大豆品种在低磷水平下,各营养器官中的磷素含量均呈单峰曲线变化(黑河43叶柄磷素含量除外),荚果的磷素含量自R5期呈上升趋势;在高磷水平下,绥农28叶片中磷素含量随生育时期推进呈下降趋势,但黑河43、黑农51叶片中的磷素含量呈单峰曲线变化,黑河43、绥农28荚果中磷素含量自R5期呈上升趋势,而黑农51荚果磷素含量呈下降趋势;(2)高磷处理下植株干物质与磷素积累量均较低磷处理增多;(3)从V3至R5期,植株各器官磷素分配顺序为叶片>荚果>根>茎>叶柄,在R8期营养器官磷素的分配率明显低于荚果;(4)在高磷处理下,黑河43、绥农28和黑农51的产量分别较低磷处理增加2.1%、9.5%和7.2%。因此,较高的土壤磷素水平对中晚熟大豆品种的增产效果明显优于早熟品种。
In order to rationally use phosphate fertilizer, the soybean cultivars Heihe 43, Suinong 28 and Heinong 51 with different maturity were used as test materials. Under the conditions of low phosphorus (10 mg.kg-1) and high phosphorus (33 mg.kg-1) Under horizontal soil, the dynamic changes of phosphorus content, accumulation and distribution of phosphorus uptake and yield in different organs of soybean at different growth stages were studied. The results showed that: (1) Under the low phosphorus level, the phosphorus contents of three vegetative organs showed a unimodal curve (except for the phosphorus content in petiole of Heihe 43), and the content of phosphorus in pod rose from R5 The content of phosphorus in Suinong 28 decreased with the growth period, but the content of phosphorus in Heihe 43 and Heinong 51 showed a single-peak curve, Heihe 43 and Suinong The content of phosphorus in pod increased gradually from R5, but the content of phosphorus in Hedong 51 decreased. (2) The accumulation of dry matter and phosphorus in plants increased with the increase of phosphorus under high P treatment. (3) From V3 to R5, the distribution of phosphorus in different organs was in the order of leaf> pod> root> stem> petiole, and the allocation rate of phosphorus in vegetative organs in R8 was significantly lower than that in pod. (4) Under the high phosphorus treatment, , Suinong 28 and Heinong 51 respectively increased by 2.1%, 9.5% and 7.2% respectively. Therefore, the effect of higher soil P on the yield of middle and late-maturing soybean varieties was obviously better than that of early maturing varieties.