人轮状病毒(Human Rotavirus,HRV)是世界上引起5岁以下儿童重症腹泻的首位病原体,可引起持续多日的腹泻和呕吐,严重者可导致死亡。据统计,全球每年大约有600000人是死于由轮状病毒感染引起的腹泻,其中较贫困国家占80%[1]。在发展中国家,3/4的儿童不足12月龄就会发生轮状病毒初 Human Rotavirus (HRV) is the world’s leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5 years of age, causing diarrhea and vomiting that lasts for many days, with severe cases leading to death. According to statistics, about 600,000 people die each year from diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection in the world, of which the poorer countries account for 80% [1]. Rotavirus occurs in up to three-fourths of children less than 12 months of age in developing countries