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目的评价四川省2003年维持无脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)工作。方法对口服脊灰疫苗(OPV)常规免疫、强化免疫和急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例监测等有关资料进行了分析。结果OPV常规免疫报告接种率为95.96%,抽样调查接种率为93.59%,4岁儿童加强免疫接种率为91.16%。2002/2003年度和2003/2004年度各两轮强化免疫共免疫0~3岁儿童506万人次,报告接种率均>97%。2003年报告AFP病例338例,<15岁儿童非脊灰AFP病例报告发病率1.84/10万,其它各项监测指标均达到卫生部和世界卫生组织(WHO)的标准。分离出脊灰病毒(PV)14例(Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ型1例,Ⅱ+Ⅲ型2例),非脊灰肠道病毒13例。1993年至今未分离到脊灰野病毒,分离出的PV经鉴定均为疫苗株。AFP病例最后诊断均为脊灰排除病例。结论四川省2003年继续保持了无脊灰状态,但应加强免疫和监测工作,并注重对高危AFP病例的及时发现和调查处理。
Objective To evaluate the work of maintaining poliomyelitis-free (polio) in Sichuan Province in 2003. Methods The routine immunization of oral polio vaccine (OPV), intensive immunization and the monitoring of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases were analyzed. Results The routine immunization coverage rate of OPV was 95.96%, the sampling rate was 93.59%, and the rate of booster immunization of 4-year-old children was 91.16%. Two rounds of intensified immunization in 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 were conducted to co-immunize 5.06 million children aged 0-3 years, all reporting a> 97% coverage. In 2003, 338 AFP cases were reported, and the incidence of non-polio AFP cases in children <15 years old was 1.84 / 100 000. All other monitoring indicators met the standards of the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO). Poliovirus (PV) was isolated in 14 cases (type Ⅰ in 1 case, type Ⅱ in 8 cases, type Ⅲ in 2 cases, type Ⅰ + Ⅱ + Ⅲ in 1 case, type Ⅱ + Ⅲ in 2 cases), non-polio enterovirus 13 example. Since 1993, no wild poliovirus has been isolated, and the isolated PVs have been identified as vaccine strains. The final diagnosis of AFP cases are cases of polio exclusion. Conclusion Sichuan Province maintained its polio-free status in 2003, but immunization and surveillance should be strengthened and timely detection and investigation of high-risk AFP cases should be emphasized.