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土壤碳库是陆地生态系统中最大的碳库,土壤呼吸是温室气体排放的重要组成部分,因此研究土壤呼吸对农业固碳减排具有重要意义。土壤呼吸准确测定和其分量来源分析是土壤呼吸研究的基础和重要手段,本文对其进行总结归纳,并对耕作施肥,特别是全球变化对土壤呼吸影响研究成果进行了回顾。土壤呼吸速率测定主要有箱法和微气象法,CO2浓度测定主要有红外气体分析法、气相色谱法、碱液吸收法。土壤呼吸分组主要有组分集成分析法、同位素标记技术、挖沟隔离法等方法。良好的耕作施肥管理可以减缓土壤呼吸作用,土壤呼吸对全球变化具有一定的适应性。下一步的研究需要利用先进观测技术和方法对土壤呼吸过程机理和控制因子进行更深入研究。
Soil carbon pool is the largest carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil respiration is an important part of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is of great importance to study soil respiration on carbon sequestration in agriculture. Accurate determination of soil respiration and its component source analysis are the basic and important means of soil respiration research. This paper summarizes and summarizes the studies on soil respiration. The results of researches on the effects of plowing and fertilizer application, especially the global changes on soil respiration, are reviewed. The soil respiration rate was mainly determined by the box method and the micro-meteorology method. The main determinations of the CO2 concentration were the infrared gas analysis method, the gas chromatography method and the alkali absorption method. Soil respiration grouping mainly includes component integrated analysis, isotope labeling, trench digging and other methods. Good farming and fertilization management can slow the soil respiration and soil respiration has certain adaptability to global changes. The next research needs to use advanced observation techniques and methods to further study the soil respiration process and control factors.