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由葡萄(Vitis Vinifera L)花药愈伤组织产生的胚状体形成单侧体幼苗后,经4—5次继代培养,发现其表皮细胞具有形成胚状体和进一步发育成幼苗的能力。胚状体的表层也具有同样的能力。将这样的一棵幼苗,整株置于液体培养中,在黑暗中震荡培养一周,然后在光照下静止培养,可获得大量完整的小植株。实验结果证明葡萄单倍体的体细胞具有再生完整植株的全能性。在植物组织和细胞培养中,通过胚状体再进一步形成幼植物具有繁殖数量多、成苗速度快和结构完整的特点。因此,对于胚状体发生的研究,已经引起人们广泛的注意。目前,在植物的组织培养中,记载有胚状体发生的植物已涉及到广泛的分类类群,产生胚状体的离体培养物也有多种多样。但是对于胚状体形态发生的详细研究报导甚少。在1965年,Konor和Nataraja(6)利用石龙芮的下胚轴进行切片观察时,看到了一系列胚状体发生的组织学过程。1970年Backs—Huseman,D(7)等在胡萝卜的单细胞悬浮培养中,见到了游离单细胞发育成胚状体的过程,1974年,Sunderland(8)等在烟草中,也报导了小孢子胚状体的发生过程。但是,在具有经济价值的木本果树中,尚无这方面的报导。本文以葡萄单倍体幼苗为材料,进行切片观察和培养,对葡萄胚状体的发生进行了初步的探讨。
Embryoid bodies derived from the anther callus of Vitis vinifera L, after unilateral sprouting, were subcultured 4-5 times and found to have the ability to form embryoid bodies and further develop into seedlings. The embryoid body surface also has the same ability. Will be such a seedlings, the whole plant placed in liquid culture, shaking in the dark for a week, then cultured in the light of static, can be a large number of complete plantlets. The experimental results demonstrate that grape haploid somatic cells have the pluripotency of the regenerated intact plants. In plant tissue and cell culture, the further formation of young plants through embryoid bodies has the characteristics of a large number of propagation, rapid seedling formation and structural integrity. Therefore, the research on the embryogenesis has drawn much attention. At present, in plant tissue culture, plants bearing the occurrence of embryoid bodies have been involved in a wide range of taxonomic groups, and ex vivo cultures producing embryoid bodies can be varied. However, there is little report on the detailed studies on the embryo morphology. In 1965, Konor and Nataraja (6) observed the histological process of a series of embryoid bodies using sliced hypocotyls of Shilong. 1970 Backs-Huseman, D (7) and so on in the single cell suspension culture of carrots, see the process of the development of free unicycles into embryoids, Sunderland (8) in 1974, also reported in the microspores Embryogenesis. However, in the economic value of woody tree, there is no report in this area. In this paper, the grape haploid seedlings as material, the observation and culture section, the occurrence of embryos in grape preliminary study.