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Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired platelet production.The pathophysiology of ITP is complicated and incompletely understood.It is traditionally recognized that antibody-coated platelets are prematurely cleared via Fc-independent or dependent mechanism in the spleen,liver,or both.Antibody-mediated complement activation and desialylation can also destroy platelets.In addition,antibodies can inhibit megakaryocyte production and maturation.Abnormalities in cellular immunity have also been described,including skewing of T helper (Th) cells toward a type 1 T helper (Th1) and type 17 T helper (Thl7)phenotype,reduction of regulatory T-cell activity,and an increase in cytotoxic T cells.