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稠油热采和沥青热采包括蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)、循环注蒸汽和蒸汽驱。热量提高了原油的温度,原油黏度降低从而有效地流向生产井。电加热过程是注蒸汽过程的一个替代过程。随着天然气价格越来越高,或天然气供应相应减少,电加热过程相对于其他热采方法经济上更具竞争力。油田最近做的阿萨巴斯卡油砂实验表明,经过优化的电加热过程可采出超过75%的稠油或沥青。通过在油层内水汽化来优化电热过程。一系列针对阿萨巴斯卡油砂的初步电加热模拟研究,可通过计算机模型实验群油藏模拟软件来实现。首先,蒸汽驱的采油增量估计是基于一个三区块概念模型;第二,建立现场比例模型来估计电极距、水的注入率和电加热速率对沥青采收率的影响。用统计工具来分析模拟结果,以确定水汽化时沥青最大化生产的最佳状态。理论模型的模拟结果表明,在阿萨巴斯卡油砂储层,水汽化导致的增产油量可高达原始石油地质储量的25%。现场比例模型的一项敏感性研究表明,在油层内水汽化适度时,最大化沥青生产要求电加热速率中等,注水速率较低,电极距较小。研究展示了未来重油/沥青生产的一项有价值的技术。另外,电加热过程可独立运作,并经济产出大量的沥青。
Heavy oil thermal recovery and bitumen thermal recovery include steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), cyclic steam injection and steam flooding. The heat increases the temperature of the crude oil, reducing the viscosity of the crude oil and effectively flowing to the production well. Electric heating is an alternative to steam injection. As natural gas prices become higher, or the supply of natural gas decreases accordingly, the electric heating process is economically more competitive than other thermal recovery methods. Recent Athabasca oil sands experiments at the field show that the optimized electric heating process produces over 75% of heavy oil or bitumen. Optimize the electrothermal process by vaporizing water in the reservoir. A series of preliminary electric heating simulation studies for Athabasca oil sands can be realized by using computer model experimental group reservoir simulation software. First, incremental estimation of steam flooding is based on a three-block conceptual model. Second, an on-site proportional model is established to estimate the effect of electrode spacing, water injection rate and electric heating rate on recovery of asphalt. The statistical tools were used to analyze the simulation results to determine the best conditions for maximum bitumen production with water vaporization. The simulation results of the theoretical model show that at Athabasca oil-sand reservoirs, water vaporization can increase oil production up to 25% of the original petroleum geologic reserves. A sensitivity study of the on-site proportional model shows that maximizing bitumen production requires moderate rates of electrical heating, low water injection rates, and small electrode spacing, when water vaporisation is modest within the reservoir. The study shows a valuable technology for future heavy oil / bitumen production. In addition, the electric heating process can operate independently and economically produce large amounts of bitumen.