《对抗制刑事审判的起源》是享誉西方法学界的著名法律史学家约翰·朗本(John H.Langbein)的一本力作。朗本的学术声誉源自他对西方刑事司法理性形态多样性形成过程的历史性研究。在这本具有开创性的著作中,朗本对普通法刑事审判制度史进行了出色的原创性研究。依托他对在牛津新发现的《中央刑事法院档案》的敏锐解读,朗本探讨了一个司法“发生学”问题,即作为审判制度多样性形态中的一个重要类型的对抗制刑事审判,在历史上到底是怎么发生的,其形成与变迁史又具有怎样的现实政治启示。本文认为,朗本继承了韦伯以来的一个法律社会学思想传统,体现在他首次从制度的社会权力结构视角考察了普通法刑事审判程序权力构造的理性化进程。在其细致并极具说服力的历史分析中,朗本开创性地提出了“律师主宰化”乃是对抗制刑事审判的权力结构本质特征,这个理论进路为司法史研究领域打开了新的研究视野。 The Origins of the Antagonistic Criminal Trial is a masterpiece of John H. Langbein, a renowned legal historian in the Western legal community. Longben’s academic reputation stems from his history of the formation of the western criminal justice rational form. In this groundbreaking book, Longben conducted an excellent original study of the history of the common law criminal trial system. Relying on his keen reading of the newly-discovered “file of the Central Criminal Court” in Oxford, Longben explored the issue of justice “learning”, that is, an antitrust criminal trial as an important type in the diversity of judicial systems, What happened in the history, and what kind of realistic political revelation its formation and change history have. This article argues that Longben inherited Weber’s legal and sociological thought tradition since it was the first time that he reviewed the process of rationalization of power structure in the common law criminal procedure from the perspective of the social power structure of the system. In his meticulous and persuasive historical analysis, Longben pioneered the “lawyer dominance” as the structural feature of the power structure of the criminal trial of confrontationalism. This theoretical approach has opened the field of judicial history research New research horizon.