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应用套式聚合酶链反应，检测271例乙型肝炎血清学指标阳性母亲静脉血、新生儿脐血、初乳及随访婴儿血中HBVDNA，以探讨母乳喂养传播乙型肝炎病毒的危险性。结果乙肝抗原阳性组母血、脐血、初乳、婴儿血中HBVDNA检出率为39．39％、18．28％、30．30％、22．22％。乙肝抗原阴性组检出率为10．96％、8．22％、13．70％、23．29％。两组母乳喂养婴儿比较，随访婴儿血HBVDNA检出率有显著差异，P＜0．05。提示乳汁HBVDNA阳性母亲较HBVDNA阴性母亲更易造成HBV母婴传播。
In order to investigate the risk of breastfeeding to transmit hepatitis B virus (HBV), HBVDNA was detected in 271 cases of hepatitis B seropositive positive venous blood, neonatal umbilical cord blood, colostrum and follow-up infants by nested polymerase chain reaction. Results The positive rates of HBVDNA in maternal serum, umbilical blood, colostrum and infant blood were 39.39%, 18.28%, 30.30% and 22.22% respectively in HBsAg positive group. The detection rate of negative group of HBsAg was 10.96%, 8.22%, 13.70%, 23.29%. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of HBVDNA among the two groups of breast-fed infants, P <0.05. Tip breast milk HBVDNA positive mothers than HBV negative mothers more likely to cause HBV mother to child transmission.