技术推广是人类最古老的技术活动之一,在科技与经济(生产)结合中,一直发挥着积极的中介作用。农业技术推广大致可分为伴随、分化和自立三个历史阶段。在原始农业阶段,技术推广是伴随着人们的生产活动、社会交往和住地迁徙进行的。主要手段是“口传身授”。尧帝时期举弃为农师,“教民稼穑”,可谓是古代从事农业技术推广的第一位农艺师。殷商、春秋时代,则伴随着文字或诗篇而传播。俟后,出现了“农家”和“农书”,这是古代技术推广演化的重要一步。西汉赵过首创了农业技术推广程序,第一次把农业技术推广纳入科学轨道;直到十九世纪,在世界上才出现独立的技术推广事业,并逐步形成科技与经济结合的媒介或纽带。 Technology promotion is one of the oldest human activities, and has always played an active intermediary role in the integration of science and technology with economy (production). Agricultural technology promotion can be roughly divided into three historical stages: accompanying, differentiation and self-reliance. In the primitive agriculture stage, technology promotion was accompanied by people’s productive activities, social interaction and migration. The main means is “oral traditions.” During the reign of Emperor Yao, he was renounced as a farmer, and “teaching peasants” was the first agronomist who used to promote agricultural technology in ancient times. Yin Shang, Spring and Autumn Period, then accompanied by words or poems and spread. After the emergence of the “farmhouse” and “agricultural book”, which is an important step in the evolution of ancient technology. In the Western Han Dynasty, Zhao Guo pioneered the agricultural technology extension program, putting the promotion of agricultural technology into the science track for the first time. It was not until the 19th century that an independent technology promotion undertaking appeared in the world and gradually formed a medium or link for integrating science and technology with the economy.