目的 综述国外循证航空医学风险鉴定方法、具体步骤以及其在航空医学特许决策中的应用,为我国飞行员特许飞行决策提供理论依据. 资料来源与选择 国内外该领域的相关文献资料. 资料引用 引用公开发表的学术论文30篇,指南1部. 资料综合 回顾了循证航空医学风险鉴定方法和具体步骤,包括:确定医学失能的概率,飞行中不良航空事件的概率,风险标准,临床干预后的风险水平以及限制飞行后的风险水平.分析循证风险管理在疾病特许决策中的应用,包括心血管疾病、外伤性脑损伤后癫痫风险和Brugada综合征等疾病. 结论 合理取得高质量的航空医学决策需要科学的管理过程,即在风险管理的框架之内使用循证医学的原理作出科学的决策.该方法对我国飞行员疾病的航空医学鉴定提供依据.“,”Objective To review the methodology and approach of evidence-based aeromedical risk assessment and its application on waiver decisions making,and to supply theory basis for our aeromedical decision making.Literature resource and selection Domestic and international related literature in this field.Literature quotation Thirty academic papers and one public released guide were cited.Literature synthesis The methodology and approach of evidence-based risk management process were reviewed and analyzed,including determining the probabilities of medical incapacitation and undesirable aviation event,risk criterion,and the risk level after clinical intervention as well as the risk level of limited flying.The evidence-based management in waiver decisions making for diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,seizure risk after traumatic brain injury,Brugada syndrome,etc.,was analyzed.Conclusions Scientific management approach is necessary in reasonably making the high quality aeromedical decisions that depended on the evidence-based medicine within the framework of risk management.The evidence-based methodology provides reference for setting the aeromedical assessment decision-making in China.