论文部分内容阅读
目的了解青海高职学院新生营养知识、行为状况及存在的问题,为纠正大学生不良饮食行为,保证其身体健康提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查方式,对青海卫生职业技术学院691名高职新生大学生营养行为进行调查。内容包括饮食消费、外出就餐和饮食习惯等。对回收的有效问卷进行统计分析。结果 56.5%的大学生平均月消费为300元～,<300元者占7.6%。男、女生月平均饮食费用差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),月平均饮食费用300元～500(60.4%)高于女生(40.6%),二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。还有4.9%的学生月平均饮食费用<100元。学生普遍有外出就餐行为,63.8%的学生首选学校附近小餐馆,选择食物依据个人口味者占57.6%,考虑营养搭配者占20.5%。27.7%的学生有偏食现象,32.8%的学生有吃零食习惯。每周吃早餐次数<3次者占16.7%,>5次的女生(67.5%)显著多于男生(43.8%)(P<0.01)。结论高职学院新生学生普遍存在不健康饮食行为,学校应采取措施加强营养健康教育,提高食堂餐饮质量,并根据青海高原地区营养膳食需要,改善大学生的营养状况,保障其身体健康。
Objective To understand nutritional knowledge, behavior status and existing problems of new students in higher vocational colleges in Qinghai Province, and to provide a reference for correcting unhealthy eating behaviors of college students and ensuring their health. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the nutritional behaviors of 691 freshmen freshmen in Qinghai Health Vocational and Technical College. Including food consumption, eating out and eating habits. Statistical analysis of valid questionnaires collected. Results 56.5% of college students average monthly consumption of 300 yuan ~, <300 yuan accounted for 7.6%. The average monthly dietary costs of boys and girls were statistically significant (P <0.01). The monthly average dietary cost was 300-500 (60.4%) higher than that of girls (40.6%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) . There are 4.9% of students on average monthly food costs <100 yuan. Students generally go out to eat, 63.8% of the students preferred diners near the school, choose food based on personal taste accounted for 57.6%, consider nutrition mix accounted for 20.5%. 27.7% of students have partial eclipse phenomenon, 32.8% of students have snacking habits. The number of girls eating breakfast less than 3 times per week was significantly higher than that of boys (43.8%) (P <0.01). Conclusion Freshmen in higher vocational colleges generally have unhealthy dietary behaviors. Schools should take measures to strengthen nutrition and health education and improve the quality of canteen catering. According to the needs of nutrition and diet in Qinghai Plateau, schools should improve the nutritional status of college students and ensure their health.