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穗部性状是水稻产量的重要构成因子,有关水稻穗部性状的研究一直备受关注。为了深入了解水稻穗部性状,为新品种的选育提供依据,以‘珍汕97B’为对照,对江西省不同时期选育的3个保持系进行了穗长、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和穗数测定。结果表明,99B、‘新露B’和146B较对照‘珍汕97B’穗数、枝梗数显著提高,其中穗数、二次枝梗数最为突出,平均增幅分别为13.1%和27.5%。而穗长较对照增减不同,表明江西在保持系选育中较重视穗部性状的选择,多蘖、大穗亲本是选择的重点。相关性分析显示穗数与一次枝梗数和二次枝梗数分别呈极显著或显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.88和0.79,表明穗数在枝梗数形成中起着重要作用,穗数与大穗之间的矛盾可以通过育种选择来打破。而穗长与一、二次枝梗数和穗数呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.75,-0.43和-0.59。说明穗长与枝梗数和穗数是存在矛盾的,合适的穗长是保证多蘖、大穗的重要条件。
Ear traits are important components of rice yield. Studies on panicle traits of rice have drawn much attention. In order to understand the characters of panicle in rice and provide the basis for the breeding of new varieties, taking the ’Zhenshan 97B’ as a control, the spike length, the number of primary branches and the number of secondary branches of three maintainer lines in different periods in Jiangxi Province were studied. The number of stalks and the number of spikes were determined. The results showed that the number of spike number and branch number of 99B, ’Xinlu B’ and 146B were significantly higher than that of ’Zhenshan 97B’, and the number of spike number and secondary branch number was the most prominent, with the average increase being 13.1% and 27.5% respectively. The spike length was different from that of the control, which indicated that the selection of panicle traits in maintainer lines in Jiangxi was more important. Correlation analysis showed that the number of spike was significantly or significantly positively correlated with the number of primary branches and the number of secondary branches. The correlation coefficients were 0.88 and 0.79, respectively, indicating that spikes played an important role in the formation of branch numbers. Conflict can be broken through breeding options. The spike length was negatively correlated with the number of primary and secondary branches and the number of spikes. The correlation coefficients were -0.75, -0.43 and -0.59 respectively. Spike length and the number of branches and the number of spikes is contradictory, appropriate spike length is to ensure that more tiller, big spike an important condition.