目的：研究中药九眼独活的显微组织特征并分析其所含挥发油及微量元素成分。方法：显微观察；气相色谱质谱计算机联用技术分析挥发油成分；原子吸收分光光度法测定微量元素。结果：提出九眼独活的显微鉴定依据；鉴定了３６种挥发油成分并测得１２种微量及常量元素成分的含量。结论：为中药九眼独活的显微鉴定建立了依据，并提供了其挥发油及微量元素成分的可靠数据。 OBJECTIVE: To study the microstructure characteristics of nine eyes of Chinese medicine and analyze its volatile oil and trace element composition. Methods: Microscopic observation; Gas chromatogrammass spectrometrycomputer coupled technique for the analysis of volatile oil constituents; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the determination of trace elements. RESULTS: The microscopic identification basis for nine eyes was proposed; 36 volatile oil components were identified and the contents of 12 trace and major elemental components were determined. Conclusion: The basis for the microscopic identification of the nine eyes of the Chinese medicine is established, and the reliable data of its volatile oil and trace elements are provided.