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目的通过免疫规划健康教育,探讨提高预防接种工作健康教育的有效途径。方法设计调查问卷,进行综合判断甘肃省白银市群众免疫规划相关知识掌握程度,分析影响预防接种工作效果的关键和薄弱环节。结果白银市免疫规划相关知识需求调查中,95分以上的占91.61%;农民工免疫规划知晓率调查中,曾经接受过疫苗接种的占85.85%,知道儿童出生后进行预防接种的占90.57%,知道儿童预防接种是免费的占76.21%,疫苗相关知识了解的占62.50%,知道儿童预防接种地点的占71.98%,了解相关传染病的占78.74%;儿童的建卡率由2009年的85.40%上升到2012年的100.00%,疫苗报告接种率维持在99.00%以上,疫苗控制传染病发病率呈下降趋势;预防接种人员预防接种技能和接种知识考核,平均分数为83分。结论白银市群众儿童预防接种知识水平较高,但流动儿童获得预防接种知识相关信息的渠道较少,流动儿童疫苗接种率低于本地儿童,是免疫预防工作的难点与重点;预防接种政策性强、工作量大,各级政府应成立多部门的免疫规划工作协调小组,形成政府主导、卫生牵头、部门联动和齐抓共管的工作机制。
Objective To explore effective ways to improve health education on vaccination through immunization programs for health education. Methods The questionnaire was designed to determine the level of knowledge about the mass immunization program in Baiyin, Gansu Province, and to analyze the key factors and weak links affecting the vaccination effectiveness. Results In the Silver Knowledge Survey of Immunization Program, 91.61% of them were above 95 points. In the investigation of awareness of immunization program of migrant workers, 85.85% of those who had been vaccinated knew 90.57% of the children were vaccinated after birth, Know that vaccination of children is free accounted for 76.21%, 62.50% know about vaccine-related knowledge, know 71.98% of vaccination sites, 78.74% of related infectious diseases; children’s card rate from 85.40% Up to 100.00% in 2012, and the vaccination coverage of the vaccine was maintained at over 99.00%. The incidence of vaccine-controlled infectious diseases showed a decreasing trend. The preventive vaccination skills and inoculation knowledge test of vaccination personnel were at an average score of 83 points. Conclusion There is a high level of immunization knowledge among the mass children in Baiyin City. However, there are few channels for migrant children to get information about vaccination, and the vaccination rate of migrant children is lower than that of local children, which is the key and difficult point of immunoprophylaxis. , Heavy workload, governments at all levels should set up multisectoral coordination group for immunization planning work, forming a government-led, health-led, sectoral linkage and concerted efforts of the working mechanism.