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不合理的森林管理是导致腐木甲虫多样性丧失的重要原因。在中国亚热带地区,多样性较高的天然林已被大面积的人工种植林取代,然而,这些人工林对腐木甲虫多样性的影响还研究甚少。本研究对浙江天目山自然保护区人工幼龄林(30～40年)、人工老熟林(80～100年)和半天然混合林(>200年)中柳杉枯立木上的腐木甲虫群落及多样性进行比较。结果表明:半天然混合林腐木甲虫个体数量(97.4±66.7)显著高于幼龄林(39.9±16.3)和老熟林(21.9±5.9),但半天然林混合林(27.9±11.2)与幼龄林(24.1±3.7)腐木甲虫物种数差异并不显著(P>0.05),而幼龄林的腐木甲虫物种数和个体数量则显著高于老熟林(P<0.05)。腐木甲虫物种数和个体数量与样地粗死木残体体积相关性显著(P<0.05)。典范对应分析和多响应置换过程分析表明腐木甲虫群落特征在不同林型间差异显著(P<0.001)。柳杉枯立木直径、粗死木残体的直径和数量以及林冠盖度均对腐木甲虫物种组成具有显著影响(P<0.05)。腐木甲虫营养级组成分析也表明,半天然混合林菌食性甲虫数量显著高于种植林(P<0.001)。结果提示,提高种植林粗死木残体的数量和质量可以增加腐木甲虫的物种丰富度,但种植林腐木甲虫多样性可能在随后的演替阶段有所下降,而且种植林与天然林在腐木甲虫群落组成上差异十分明显。
Irrational forest management is a major cause of the loss of diversity of rotting wood beetles. In the subtropical regions of China, natural forests with high diversity have been replaced by large-scale plantations. However, the impact of these plantations on the diversity of rot beetles has not been studied yet. In this study, the community of rotted beetles on Cryptomeria fortunei in artificial young forests (30-40 years), artificial mature forests (80-100 years) and semi-natural mixed forests (> 200 years) And diversity comparison. The results showed that the number of individuals (97.4 ± 66.7) in semi-natural mixed forest was significantly higher than that in young forest (39.9 ± 16.3) and old mature forest (21.9 ± 5.9) The number of species of rotting beetle in young forest (24.1 ± 3.7) was not significantly different (P> 0.05), while that in young forest was significantly higher than that of mature forest (P <0.05). The number of rotting wood beetle and the number of individuals were significantly correlated with the volume of rough wood residue in the sample (P <0.05). The analysis of canonical correspondence and multiple response displacement showed that the community characteristics of rotting beetle were significantly different among different forest types (P <0.001). The diameter of Cryptomeria fortunei, the diameter and number of rough wood residues, and the canopy cover had a significant effect on the species composition of rotting beetle (P <0.05). Trophic level beetle trophic level composition analysis also showed that the number of semi-natural mixed forest feeding die beetle was significantly higher than the planted forest (P <0.001). The results suggest that increasing the quantity and quality of coarse wood residues in plantations can increase the species richness of rotting beetles, but the diversity of rotifer beetles in plantations may decline in subsequent succession stages, and the difference between plantation and natural forests Differences in the composition of the rotten beetle community is very obvious.