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在物理电学现象中,正常情况电路是通路,即处处连通的电路,但经常会出现一些电路故障问题.电路的故障一般有两种情况:开路故障和短路故障,开路故障即电路未闭合,其原因可能是导线和接线柱接触不良,或灯口和灯座接触不好,也可能灯丝断了.短路故障是电源的正负极被导线直接连接起来了,若此现象时间稍长、则会使导线发热,电源烧毁.有时还会有局部短路的问题出现,即导线直接把某个用电器的两端连接起来了,这样会使此用电器短路,而无法工作.下面结合习题对上述现象进行分析.
In the case of physical electrical phenomena, the normal condition circuit is the path, that is, the circuit connected everywhere, but often there are some circuit failure problems. The circuit failure generally has two situations: open circuit fault and short circuit fault, open circuit fault that the circuit is not closed, its The reason may be poor contact between the wire and the terminal, or poor contact between the lamp base and the lamp base, or the filament may be broken. The short circuit fault is that the positive and negative poles of the power supply are directly connected by the wire. If the phenomenon is slightly longer, it will be The wire is heated and the power is burned. Sometimes there is a problem of partial short circuit. That is, the wire directly connects the two ends of a certain electrical appliance, which will short-circuit the appliance and it will not work. The following problems are combined with the above phenomenon. Conduct analysis.