过去所知道的厌氧菌的感染,主要是破伤风、气性坏疽和肉毒中毒的梭状芽胞杆菌感染。近年来,随着细菌培养技术的提高,发现无芽胞的厌氧菌远比有芽胞者为多。厌氧菌是体内正常菌群的主要成分,在肠道它占99％,在口腔占90％。厌氧菌在很多感染中起着十分重要的作用,某些部位的感染率可高达75％以上,有些甚至达到100％,其中一部分厌氧菌是单独感染,而大部分是与需氧菌混合感染。由于许多常用抗生素对其作用很小,因此掌握厌氧菌感染的诊断技术和提高其治疗水平,已成为临床上一个不容忽视的课题。 In the past, anaerobic infections, mainly tetanus, gas gangrene and botulism, Clostridium infections were reported. In recent years, with the improvement of bacterial culture technology, it is found that anaerobic bacteria without spores are far more than those with spores. Anaerobic bacteria is the main component of the normal flora in the body, accounting for 99% of the gut and 90% of the oral cavity. Anaerobic bacteria play a very important role in many infections. In some areas, the infection rate can be as high as 75% or even 100%. Some of the anaerobes are infected alone, and most of them are mixed with aerobic bacteria infection. As many commonly used antibiotics have little effect on them, mastering the diagnostic techniques of anaerobic infections and improving the treatment level have become a problem that can not be neglected clinically.