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目的了解南充市高坪区2011-2015年手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定控制措施提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对南充市高坪区2011-2015年手足口病疫情资料及实验室检测结果进行统计分析。结果南充市高坪区2011-2015年共报告手足口病704例,年均发病率为23.43/10万,其中,街道发病率为46.33/10万;乡镇发病率为11.78/10万,城乡发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=68.779,P<0.01);9~12月为季节性发病最高峰,占全年发病总数的59.23%;发病人群以0~4儿童为主,占病例总数的94.89%,职业以散居儿童居多,占病例总数的90.77%;男性年均发病率为27.60%,女性年均发病率18.73/10万,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.859,P<0.05)。病原学检测显示EV71占9.89%,COX-A16占27.47%,其他肠道病毒占62.64%。结论 2011-2015年南充市高坪区手足口病发率城区高于乡村,男性高于女性,9~12月为发病最高峰,病例多为5岁以下儿童。应加强疫情监测,严格医疗机构门诊日志及传染病报告管理,加大幼托机构晨检、午检及重点场所、重点人群的宣传力度,提高群众的防控意识,今后防控工作的重点仍然是散居和幼托儿童。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Gaoping District, Nanchong City from 2011 to 2015, and to provide a reference for the formulation of control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of HFMD in Gaoping District of Nanchong City from 2011 to 2015 and the laboratory test results. Results A total of 704 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Gaoping District, Nanchong City from 2011 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 23.43 / 100 000, of which the street incidence rate was 46.33 / 100 thousand; the incidence rate of township was 11.78 / The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 68.779, P <0.01). From September to December, the peak was the seasonal peak, accounting for 59.23% of the total. The incidence of the disease was mainly in 0-4 children Accounting for 94.89% of the total. Occupation was dominated by scattered children, accounting for 90.77% of the total number of cases. The average annual incidence rate was 27.60% in males and 18.73% in females. The incidence of males and females was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.859, P <0.05). Etiological tests showed that EV71 accounted for 9.89%, COX-A16 accounted for 27.47%, other enterovirus accounted for 62.64%. Conclusion The incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in Gaoping District in Nanchong City from 2011 to 2015 is higher than that in rural areas. The prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease is higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The peak incidence is from September to December, most of which are children under 5 years of age. We should step up monitoring of epidemics, strictly manage outpatient diaries and infectious disease reporting in medical institutions, intensify the publicity efforts of morning nurseries, midday exams, key venues and key crowds so as to raise public awareness of prevention and control. In the future, the focus of prevention and control work is still Is diaspora and kindergarten children.