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目的了解中国农村老年人失能状况并分析失能影响因素。方法以2013年CHARLS调查所获得的数据为基础,对中国≥60岁农村户籍老年人的失能状况进行分析,利用Katz指数量表评价农村老年人日常生活自理能力(ADL),判断其失能状况;应用logistic回归模型对失能影响因素进行多因素分析。结果本研究从CHARLS 2013数据库中选取≥60岁农村老年人样本,共7 629人,其中失能农村老年人668人,失能率为8.8%;洗澡的失能率最高5.8%,吃饭的失能率最低1.2%。多因素分析结果显示,≥80岁(OR=4.186,95%CI=3.364~5.210)、低经济收入(OR=2.689,95%CI=1.832~3.947)、患有≥3种慢性病(OR=2.301,95%CI=1.827~2.897)、睡眠状况较差(OR=1.727,95%CI=1.384~2.155)、心理健康状况较差(OR=2.511,95%CI=1.962~3.214)的农村老年人失能风险较高;每月饮酒超过1次对农村老年人失能具有保护作用(OR=0.530,95%CI=0.417~0.675)。结论中国农村老年人失能率较高,应针对高危人群开展防控措施。
Objective To understand the disability status of the elderly in rural China and analyze the influencing factors of disability. Methods Based on the data obtained from the 2013 CHARLS survey, we analyzed the disability status of rural elderly people aged ≥60 years old in China, and used the Katz index scale to evaluate the ADL of rural elderly people and judged their disability The logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of disability. Results In this study, a total of 7 629 rural elderly people aged ≥60 years were selected from the CHARLS 2013 database, of whom 668 were disabled elderly people, with a disability rate of 8.8%. The highest disability rate of bathing was 5.8% and the failure rate of eating was the lowest 1.2%. Multivariate analysis showed that ≥80 years old (OR = 4.186, 95% CI = 3.364-5.210), low economic income (OR = 2.689,95% CI = 1.832-3.947) , 95% CI = 1.827-2.897), poor sleep status (OR = 1.727, 95% CI = 1.384-2.15 5), rural elderly with poor mental health status (OR = 2.511, 95% CI 1.926-3.214) The risk of disability was high. Drinking alcohol more than once a month had a protective effect on the elderly in the elderly (OR = 0.530, 95% CI = 0.417-0.675). Conclusion The incidence rate of the elderly in rural areas in China is relatively high. Prevention and control measures should be taken for those at high risk.